This project aims to develop a next-generation heat pump using natural, non-flammable, and non-toxic refrigerants: water and CO₂. By combining these two abundant and environmentally neutral fluids, the system offers high performance without the risks linked to conventional refrigerants.
Laboratory testing and digital modeling will validate the concept and assess its energy efficiency and environmental impact through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The project supports the European ecological transition by laying the foundation for a safe, efficient, and regulation-resilient heat pump technology.
Heat Pumps are essential for the decarbonization of the heating sector & reduce the dependence of EU to foreign fossil fuels.
Current regulatory changes affect synthetic refrigeration fluids (HFCs, HFOs through F-gas and possibly future regulations on PFAS)
Natural refrigerants are a promising alternative, but each comes with limitations: water-based heat pumps struggle in cold climates, CO₂ systems lack heating efficiency, and other options like propane or ammonia are flammable or toxic, restricting their use.
